:root {
  --paper: #fbfaf7;
  --paper-deep: #f1efe9;
  --ink: #121212;
  --muted: #66645f;
  --rule: #c9c6be;
  --rule-dark: #222222;
  --accent: #a41116;
  --accent-light: #f1d9d8;
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  --sans: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  --mono: "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
  --shell: 1180px;
  --wide: 1480px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 7.5rem;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: clip;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

body.dialog-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

button,
a {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

.shell,
.shell-wide {
  width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--shell));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.shell-wide {
  width: min(calc(100% - 32px), var(--wide));
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 1000;
  top: 0.75rem;
  left: 0.75rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
  transform: translateY(-180%);
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.reading-progress {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 100;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.reading-progress span {
  display: block;
  width: 0;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  z-index: 20;
  top: -86px;
  background: rgba(251, 250, 247, 0.97);
}

.masthead {
  min-height: 86px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.wordmark {
  display: inline-flex;
  width: fit-content;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.wordmark span {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.35rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
}

.wordmark small {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.61rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.17em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.issue-line,
.header-code,
.section-nav {
  font-family: var(--sans);
}

.issue-line {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.header-code {
  justify-self: end;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.header-code:hover,
.header-code:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.section-nav {
  position: relative;
  background: rgba(251, 250, 247, 0.96);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.025);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}

.nav-inner {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 38px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3.25rem);
}

.section-nav a {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0.55rem 0;
  color: #4c4b47;
  font-size: 0.67rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.section-nav a::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 0;
  height: 2px;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  background: var(--accent);
  content: "";
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.section-nav a:hover::after,
.section-nav a:focus-visible::after,
.section-nav a.active::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.hero {
  padding-top: clamp(4.5rem, 10vw, 8.5rem);
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.kicker,
.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.kicker span {
  margin-inline: 0.3em;
  color: #a4a19a;
}

.hero h1 {
  max-width: 1060px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 9vw, 8.2rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.072em;
  line-height: 0.88;
}

.hero h1 em {
  font-weight: 400;
}

.dek {
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 2.2rem auto 0;
  color: #34332f;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.2vw, 1.75rem);
  line-height: 1.38;
}

.byline-row {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 2.5rem auto 0;
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.byline,
.affiliation {
  margin: 0;
}

.byline {
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}

.byline sup {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.58rem;
}

.affiliation {
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 42px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid #aaa79f;
  background: transparent;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: background-color 160ms ease, color 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease;
}

.button:hover,
.button:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--ink);
  background: white;
}

.button-dark {
  border-color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
}

.button-dark:hover,
.button-dark:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}

.hero-figure,
.feature-figure,
.chart-pair figure {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.image-button {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 0;
  background: white;
  color: inherit;
  cursor: zoom-in;
}

.image-button::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0.75rem;
  bottom: 0.75rem;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 2rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.72);
  color: white;
  content: "+";
  font: 400 1.25rem/1.8rem var(--sans);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.image-button:hover::after,
.image-button:focus-visible::after {
  transform: rotate(90deg);
  opacity: 1;
}

.image-button img {
  width: 100%;
  transition: transform 400ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.65, 0.3, 1);
}

.image-button:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.006);
}

figcaption {
  padding-top: 0.75rem;
  color: #66635d;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.hero-figure figcaption,
.feature-figure figcaption {
  max-width: 930px;
}

.fig-number {
  margin-right: 0.35rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.numbers-band {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  margin-top: 5.5rem;
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.numbers-band div {
  min-height: 132px;
  padding: 1.4rem 1.25rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.numbers-band div:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.numbers-band strong,
.numbers-band span {
  display: block;
}

.numbers-band strong {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.numbers-band span {
  margin-top: 0.65rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.67rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.story-section {
  padding-top: clamp(6rem, 10vw, 9rem);
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

.article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(110px, 0.7fr) minmax(0, 3fr) minmax(150px, 0.9fr);
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 4.5rem);
  align-items: start;
}

.section-marker {
  position: sticky;
  top: 6.5rem;
  padding-top: 0.6rem;
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule-dark);
}

.section-marker span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 2.3rem;
  line-height: 1;
}

.section-marker p {
  margin: 0.3rem 0 0;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.prose {
  max-width: 700px;
}

.prose h2,
.compatibility h2,
.resources h2,
.citation h2 {
  margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 4.25rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.052em;
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.prose p {
  margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
}

.prose .lead {
  color: #262521;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.drop-cap::first-letter {
  float: left;
  margin: 0.08em 0.09em 0 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 5.3rem;
  line-height: 0.72;
}

blockquote {
  margin: 3.1rem 0;
  padding: 1.5rem 0 1.6rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

blockquote p {
  margin: 0 !important;
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3.2vw, 2.45rem);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.margin-note {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding-top: 0.8rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  color: #55534e;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.margin-note p {
  margin: 0;
}

.note-label {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.11em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.data-note strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 3.25rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1;
}

.data-note strong + p {
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
}

.feature-figure {
  padding-top: 2rem;
}

.figure-rule {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  padding-top: 4rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.step-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  margin-top: 4rem;
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.step-grid article {
  padding: 1.8rem clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 2rem) 2.2rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.step-grid article:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.step-number {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.step-grid h3 {
  margin: 0.55rem 0 0.7rem;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.step-grid p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.chart-pair {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: 5rem;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.chart-pair figure:first-child {
  padding-right: 2rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.results-table {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.table-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 1rem 0 0.85rem;
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule-dark);
}

.table-heading h3 {
  margin: 0.2rem 0 0;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
}

.table-heading > p {
  max-width: 32rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  text-align: right;
}

.table-scroll {
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
  scrollbar-color: var(--rule-dark) transparent;
}

.table-scroll:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.results-table table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 1320px;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.results-table caption {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.results-table th,
.results-table td {
  padding: 0.65rem 0.58rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.results-table tr > :first-child {
  position: sticky;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  min-width: 126px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-left: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

.results-table thead th {
  background: #f0eee9;
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.results-table thead tr:first-child th {
  padding-top: 0.7rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.45rem;
  border-bottom-color: var(--rule-dark);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.results-table thead tr > :first-child {
  z-index: 2;
  background: #f0eee9;
}

.results-table tbody th {
  font-weight: 600;
}

.results-table tbody tr:last-child > * {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.results-table tbody tr:hover > * {
  background: #f6f4ef;
}

.results-table .freefuse-row > * {
  background: #efede7;
}

.results-table strong {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.table-note {
  margin: 0.7rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.64rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.full-bleed-panel {
  margin-top: 7rem;
  padding: 5rem 0 4.5rem;
  background: #111111;
}

.dark-figure {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.dark-figure figcaption {
  color: #aaa7a0;
}

.dark-figure .fig-number {
  color: white;
}

.scaling-intro {
  padding-top: 7.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.section-marker.compact {
  position: static;
}

.scaling-charts {
  margin-top: 3.5rem;
}

.compatibility {
  margin-top: 8rem;
  padding: 4.5rem clamp(1.5rem, 6vw, 5rem);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}

.compatibility .eyebrow {
  color: #f1c9c8;
}

.compatibility h2 {
  max-width: 850px;
}

.compatibility > p:not(.eyebrow) {
  max-width: 740px;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.compatibility ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin: 2.5rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.compatibility li {
  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.resources,
.citation {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.5fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 7vw, 7rem);
  padding-top: 8rem;
  padding-bottom: 6rem;
}

.resource-heading .eyebrow,
.citation .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}

.resource-list {
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule-dark);
}

.resource-list a {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 1.15rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.resource-list a:hover span,
.resource-list a:focus-visible span {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.resource-list span {
  font-weight: 700;
}

.resource-list small {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.resource-list b {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.citation {
  padding-top: 6rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-dark);
}

.citation-box {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 1.25rem;
  background: #ebe9e3;
}

.citation-box pre {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}

.citation-box code {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

#copy-citation {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 0.7rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
}

#copy-citation:hover,
#copy-citation:focus-visible {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
}

.site-footer {
  padding: 2rem 0;
  background: #111111;
  color: white;
}

.footer-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.footer-inner strong {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
}

.footer-inner p {
  margin: 0.2rem 0 0;
  color: #aaa7a0;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
}

.image-dialog {
  width: min(96vw, 1700px);
  max-width: none;
  max-height: 94vh;
  padding: 3rem 1rem 1rem;
  overflow: auto;
  border: 0;
  background: #111111;
  color: white;
}

.image-dialog::backdrop {
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.88);
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.image-dialog img {
  width: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: calc(94vh - 4rem);
  margin: auto;
}

.dialog-close {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 2;
  top: 1rem;
  right: 1.25rem;
  width: 2.25rem;
  height: 2.25rem;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #111111;
  color: white;
  font: 300 1.6rem/1 var(--sans);
  cursor: pointer;
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  body {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 90px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .margin-note {
    grid-column: 2;
    max-width: 400px;
    margin-top: 0;
  }

  .resources,
  .citation {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .shell {
    width: min(calc(100% - 28px), var(--shell));
  }

  .shell-wide {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .masthead {
    min-height: 68px;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  }

  .site-header {
    top: -68px;
  }

  .issue-line {
    display: none;
  }

  .header-code {
    font-size: 0.62rem;
  }

  .nav-inner {
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 1.35rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scrollbar-width: none;
  }

  .nav-inner::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }

  .section-nav a {
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .hero {
    padding-top: 4.2rem;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(3.3rem, 16vw, 5.4rem);
  }

  .dek {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
  }

  .hero-actions {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .button {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-figure figcaption,
  .feature-figure figcaption {
    padding-inline: 14px;
  }

  .numbers-band {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .numbers-band div {
    min-height: 116px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .numbers-band div:nth-child(2) {
    border-right: 0;
  }

  .numbers-band div:nth-child(n + 3) {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.4rem;
  }

  .section-marker {
    position: static;
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .section-marker span {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .margin-note {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .prose .lead {
    font-size: 1.17rem;
  }

  .step-grid,
  .chart-pair {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .step-grid article {
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .step-grid article:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .chart-pair {
    width: 100%;
    gap: 2.5rem;
  }

  .chart-pair figure:first-child {
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-bottom: 2.5rem;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .chart-pair figcaption {
    padding-inline: 14px;
  }

  .table-heading {
    display: block;
  }

  .table-heading > p {
    margin-top: 0.65rem;
    text-align: left;
  }

  .compatibility {
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 6rem;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    display: block;
  }

  .footer-inner > p {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

@media print {
  .site-header,
  .reading-progress,
  .hero-actions,
  .image-button::after,
  .site-footer,
  .image-dialog {
    display: none !important;
  }

  body {
    background: white;
  }

  .full-bleed-panel {
    background: white;
  }

  .dark-figure figcaption,
  .dark-figure .fig-number {
    color: black;
  }
}